Medical Zone

 We often hear for weight loss you should cut the calories of food but is it really true? Answer is No  How weight loss occurs? Weight loss is achieved when there is calorie deficient created in our body. Calorie deficiet: when calories burnt 🔥 by Body is greater than calorie intake  Calorie misnomer explained  When we eat any food basically either of 2 type of hormones are secreted  1) Fat burning hormone  2) Fat storing Hormone  Thus if you eat high calorie diet which release fat burning hormones you are more likely to create calorie deficiet and thus you tend to lose weight And if you eat low calorie food ( Diet coke ) then it releases fat storing hormone thus you tend to put on weight  10 Food items which help in creating Calorie deficiet: 1) Leafy Vegetabels  Being low in calorie and carbohydrates makes them perfect food for weight loss  Your appetite would be satisfied without increasing calorie of food so you will have feeling of...

 Amid rise of Covid cases in the 2nd episode of COVID-19 there has been rise of "The Black fungus" cases in Covid patients all over Country. What is Mucormycosis? Mucormycetes the group of Fungi that cause Mucormycosis are present throughout the environment. You may encounter its spores on daily basis but our Immune system is capable enough to cope up with this spores entering in our body through different sources.  WBC's play most important role in providing protection to our body against fungal diseases. Who can contract Mucormycosis? Mucormycosis is an old disease just like TB , Pneumonia. It is more prevelant among uncontrolled Diabetic patients ( 700-800).  It is also seen in patients who are immuno compromised or who are on steroids ( steroids lower body's immunity ). It is seen in patients having low WBC count. Particularly Lymphopenia is seen in patients contracting Mucormycosis  ( Lymphopenia: Decrease in Lymphocytes count of WBC. Lymphocytes are 1 of 5 type...

 Alpha tocopherol (Biologically active form of Vit E) is the most potent antioxidant of nature. Biochemical role:  It quenches lipid peroxidation chain and protect plasma membrane from attack of Free radical  Metabolism: As it is Fat soluble vitamin it is absorbed with Fat, bile salts and transported as chylomicrons  Normal Blood level = 0.5-1mg/dl Sources: Vegetabel oil like sunflower,  wheat germ , cotton seed oil  Fish liver oil is devoid of Vit E As intake of PUFA ( Polyunsaturated fatty acids) increases Vit E should be increased in order to cope up with harmful effects of it  Why known as anti ageing vitamin? As Vit E quenches lipid peroxidation chain reaction thus production of free radical are decrease hence there is less damage to Cell membrane , this explains its anti ageing effect

 We often hear for weight loss you should cut the calories of food but is it really true? Answer is No  How weight loss occurs? Weight loss is achieved when there is calorie deficient created in our body. Calorie deficiet: when calories burnt 🔥 by Body is greater than calorie intake  Calorie misnomer explained  When we eat any food basically either of 2 type of hormones are secreted  1) Fat burning hormone  2) Fat storing Hormone  Thus if you eat high calorie diet which release fat burning hormones you are more likely to create calorie deficiet and thus you tend to lose weight And if you eat low calorie food ( Diet coke ) then it releases fat storing hormone thus you tend to put on weight  How to create calorie deficiet ? 1) Exercise, Workout, Cardio are best ways to burn calories  2) Eating high protein diet helps in creating calorie deficiet  3) Eliminate sugary beverage and processed food and eat veggies and fruits 

 Indirect ELISA Test process  1) Elisa plate is coated with antigen against which antibody is to be detected  2) Now preformed antibody are added to the plate  3) Here these antibody are not enzyme linked  4) Thesw Antibodies are injected in other animals so that it behaves as antigen for that animal and Antibodies against it is developed  5) These antibody generated are polyclonal type because they are generated against different epitopic areas of original Antibodies  7) Now these polyclonal Antibodies are added to  Plate and enzyme is linked to them  8) Thus in this way colored products increases as there are many antibody linked with enzyme  Indirect ELISA is thus more sensitive than Direct ELISA test. As it can detect small amounts of antigen present. Thank you for reading

 What is ELISA TEST ? ELISA Test is commonly used to test antigen antibody protein glycoprotein present in body. This test is more commonly used than Radioactive Immunoassay (RIA) because of it s simplicity. How is Direct ELISA performed for antibody detection? ELISA is performed in special plate for detection of antibody by Direct ELISA steps are as Follows  1) The plate is coated with specific antigen against which the antibody is to be detected  2) Then the serum is added in the plate (serum contains various antibody)  3) Now if the Antibody is present in the serum it will bind to antigen coated in the plate tightly  4) The plate is now washed so that unwanted antibody and other products are washed away and only Antigen-antibody  complex remains 5) The antibodies are coated with special enzyme which gives colorful products on reactions with substrate  6) The substrate are added to the plate and if the antibodies are present then it will give colorfu...

 Obesity and overweight are very common problem all over the world 🌎. Dieticians and nutritinalists are coming up with variety of method to cope up with it. One of the most recent development in this field is  Keto diet. What is keto diet ? Keto diet is low carbohydrates and high fat diet the carbohydrates intake is cutted to large quantities and high fat diet is favoured It looks like misnomer but is not how ? Carbohydrates are the instant source of energy by decreasing carbohydrates intake our body's daily energy requirements are fulfilled by the stored Fat.  With in weeks our body shifts its energy requirement from Carbohydrates to Fat. How is carbohydrates requirement fulfilled? Carbohydrates are required for Numerous metabolic reactions and it has its own functions in our body by lowering its intake it can hamper many functions but body makes its own way to manage its normal level by gluconeogenesis. Gluconeogenesis : production of glucose from non carbohydrates sou...

Let us see the mechanism of classical complementary pathway.    CLASSICAL COMPLEMENTARY PATHWAY    C1 protein (complementary protein 1) is always circulating in our blood stream in an inactivated form. Once foreign particle enters human body it becomes activated.  Then C1 activates C4 protein and activated part of C4 binds to C1 abbreviated as C4b the inactivated part of C4 (C4a) is released. Then C4b in the same manner activates C2 and activated form of C2 i.e. C2b binds to it and C2a is released  Then the Complex C4b-C2b act as C3 convertase and activates C3 in to C3b Then the complex C4b-C2b-C3b act as C5 convertase and activates C5  Then C5 binds to C6 C7 C8 C9 and this chain C5-C9 is the main machinery responsible for making pores in cell membrane of foreign particle.  Here we end classical pathway of complementary system. Thank you for reading blog 

 Human body daily encounter numerous pathogens and foreign bodies. To cope up with its harmful effect our body has defence mechanism i.e. Immune system.To assist immune system there is complementary system in our body which serves as 2nd line of defence. This is basic definition of complementary system of human body.  Complementary system consists of various protein primarily synthesised in liver and they are present in our blood stream in an inactivated form. As soon as our body encounter pathogens or foreign antigen they become active and start their function in series of steps. Complementary protein 1 further activates other protein in series of step which will be discussed in other blog and they develop a system which by following ways kills the foreign body (Antigen, Bacteria, Fungi etc.. ) 1) By making pore in cell membrane of foreign body  2) By activating Neutrophil   3) By activating Mast cells which secrete histamine and other lysosomal products  Thi...